Carbureter.



F. H. BALL.

CARBUREIER. APPLICATION FILED APR. 20. `59H5.

1,292,563, Patented Jan. 28,1919. 4 Y 1 2sHEETs-SHEEITI. 5% d E 5g", 7 l f 250 62 Hg.;

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CARBMRETER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 20., 19H5. I Y Patented Ja11.28,19l9.

.2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Svi/vento@ UNQTED STATE@ PATENT FRANK H. BALL, OF DETRGT, MICHGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY DRECT AND MESNE 'ASSIGN- MENTS, TO BALL c BALL CARBURETER COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN. A

CORPORATION OE' MCHIGAN.

onnnufsnrnn.

Specification o Letters Patent.

Application filed April 20, 1916. Serial No. 92.5%.

To all wlw/ny 'it 11u21/ courre/'11.:

lle it known that I, FRANK. ii. BALL. a citizen ot the nited States, residing at Detroit, in the county ot li'ayne and State Michigan, have invented new and useful `lniprovements in Carbureters, ot which the following is a'specitication.

This invention relates to carbureters and consists in certain iniprovements in the construction tliereot as will be hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows Figure l shows a section through t-he carbureter on the line 1 1 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 a section on the lines 2-2 in Figs. 1 and 3.

Fig. 3 a. side elevation of the carbureter.

The carbureter is formed otl two main parts, l tin` body having the controlline devices including the mixing chamber and the fioat chamber 2 with its parts. rPhe part l has the mixing chamber 3 at its upper end in which there is arranged a throttle et. The

throttle 4 is in the form of a butterfly valve mount-ed on the stem eta Nand extending to without the body. The controlling lever 5 is fixed on the stem #La and any convenient means :(not shown) for controlling the throttle extends from the lever The fuel is supplied to the mixing chamber through the nozzle 6. yThe nozzle is ar .ranged in a nozzle fitting 7 in the form of a screw having the passage 9. The fitting 7 is screwed into the nozzle passage 8, this passage having a l*stepped opening, the opening of smaller diameter receiving the fitting 7 and that part vof largerdiamet-er being of suliicient size to receivethe head of the screw. A plug 10 is screwed into the larger diameter ofthe nozzle passage'. lthas a centralf opening ll extending downwardly from its top and this is connected#bye-restricted radial opening 1 2 with an annular passage 13 formed by reducing the size of the plug 10.

'A horizontal passage 14 formed inthe body l leads to the annular passage 13.; The horizontal passage l-lr communicatiri with the lower end of a tubular chamber l5. The lower end of the tubular chamber 15' is Closed by a plug 16v which has a reduced portion forming an annular passage 17. The plug 16 1s screwed into the tubular chamber l5,

the screw threaded portion being above the horizontal passage ll so that the annular passage l? forms a means ot communication but" the upper part ot' the chamber 15 is separated from `the main body ot this passage. The tioat.l chamber 2 has a projection 18 with an opening through it of the same size and registering with the bottom of the tubular chamber l5 and the screw plug 1G extends through this opening thus clamping the projection to thebottom ot' the body l thus forming a means ot connection between the two main parts ot the carbureter. The passage l5) extends from the bottom ot' the float chamber to the opening in the projection 1S and forms a means of connnunication between the tloat chamber and the annular passage 1T. lt will be reads ily seen,.therefore` that the tloat chamber 'is in direct connection with the nozzle and that the level of t'uel at the nozzle will be that maintained by the float in the tloat chamber.

The flow oitl tuel to the tloat chamber is controlled by the needle valve 20 acting on the valve seat 2l. The valve seat is arranged in a screw plug 22 having the axial passage The screw plug extends into a screw threaded projection Q-il. on the bottoniof the float chamber. "The `valve stem 31 extends through a guide 9.5 at the top of the screw plug and the axial passage in the screw plug is connected with the tioat chamber by the radial passages Q6. The float 27 is slidingly 32 and the stem extends upwardly through ,the cover a'nd into a removable cap 33.

Fuel isdelivered to the inlet passage 34C from any convenient source ot' supply. The inlet passage 1s 1n a projection extending from the leeve 35. The sleeve 35 is clamped l on the bottom of the float. chamber by means of the internally screw threaded plug 37 which ist screwed onto the projection Q4. The screwY 37 has an axial opening 3C co1nmunicating with the passage leading to the float chamber and radial openings 39. It

has an annular groove 40 extending around it and-fthe sleeve 35 has an annular groove 36 areund it, thesegrooves forming a chamyher. A. stratine' 41 is airar'f sis so arranged thetthe air passing seiew 3'? taking an intermedi the-chamber, formed hy ihe g Et t will be readily seen tee." iene is strained by this strzii? i' its ennuie? shape suiieie-iit ee; to the str-eline?. i i

An :tir passage 47 is zirmiig nozzie and forms an initial zii; ing yto the mixing Chamb e,

takes up the. fuel from the ehamfber 3. The passage sion 50 of larger diiinieteif tten proper and lthe passage 50 is sufieuii seat 51 on which the air miv@ i' e ailfvalve slidingij mounted on i carried "my the adjustable mit A, 55 extends fbetween the :uut 54 and the Y and resists lthe opening of the "ifi m. The springmay he adjusted by seievihgj the nut 54 in and out :is desired, A pin 5G is a1' lzuigt-3d in the end of the pin and viis-rye vents the escape oit the valve from the Apiti 53 when the mit 54- is entirely removed the body of the omhui'etex. The hwg@ mi with the extension 50 on the passe. limits the influence of the valve 'ontfie of air to a -very short period hiring me initizi opening of this mive. fn the late? stages of the operation of this egtihuretei: the

flow of ail' for :L11 praetiezii purposes cohtlolied by the size of the openinff 9 so that in thesehitei stages the eeiburfeter operates largely as one having fixed orifices oi' i; ssages for the ai and fuei.

Y The extent oi control of the nii by the waive may Je varied by the nut #L Air is delivered to the .passage 5"? ti an opening 18. '`iiis\`\opening is eyfid' Gaily shaped und :i choke valve ranged in 'this opening. The valve 3S is m?" the biittegt'iy type :md is moui'zted on :i steril 59 which extends through the welisot opening' 4F,

in mim ed :u 'aiiget'i in g stem 59 by' mezms of 'which the Choke im 58 may he adjusted. .in this fmfhiiietez" Variation, in quality ifeeompiisiied hy oit. this ehehe. iftdye consequently the qufmtifv delivered w.' h :i {Iii/'eh 2d in the iliixiiig ehamhe. usual needle Valve itoi udjzis" is not. necessary.

Such mi varies the eapneity ot the where the single apparatus is i 1'thus 'fait described it is het :lsu: but where the :ziihlueteif is sup with this earhureter with i huretei taking care of' i this edi estiment is of' impei't. u

The

(ii :and 'tending ieugthkot ,ifi il: i'ofij niei'em diminuire receiving; the www P ger dimxieiei ei the pms 'i5 from ,is :ii-irziiigged stemmi the azie with inwiewethe hwy/.ie

the saine time 'treat e :neeneee carburetcr. The reason 'l'or thi:`- is thnt 'toucl maximum power a richer nur ture is, d Sii-able thun that, uned under orilfinai?,Y ,conditions. The primari' carburetor here shown on account ot the puit-up device hereinafter described is adjusted to n werf.' lean mixture, leaner than woulo be vpuni-tical withoul device and lennfr than `would he desi7 except, for this second, rfv' 'iiburctcix mixture troni, v` the second-air3T primary earl; retin' hut would roble even lo power, it b ing enoi" i richer than w thus be desirelfe to supplenient 'the mixture ot the i'n'iinary cnrlnneter so ln the mixture as a whole is, richer than con nionly used under ordii'iziry conditions. gives to the carbu eter every Sensitive con trol, an'air velocity assuring atoinization and ainixture giving the greater elliciency in the ordinari; range et operations, nud nl: capacity und a rich mixture where high power is desired.

The valve SQ when closed cuts oil 'the inv il l.

` tluence of the reduced pressure ot the mixing chamber on the nozzle 70. This nozzle under these conditions is subieeted to anios.

t plieric pressure.

lVhen the throttle is suddenly opened in the carbureter the mixture is nion'ientariiy leaner than it should be and this prevents a rapid pick-up. To oloriate this dillieultwf. l

have irovided a device for deliverino' to the Carlnireter a. suppl)7 of fuel momentarily vsuppleinenting that from the regular incl nozzle so as to give a rapid pick-up. At the seine time the flow from the regular vfuel nozzle is not interfered with. The tubular chamber 15 above the plug lll 'torins an auxiliary fuel chamber. .lt is connected by an inclined passage which extends troni` the auxiliary fuel chamber 15 to the Vrut-uri tube 4:7 so that anyv 'fuel delivered through the paszage S0 is taken up by the rapidly mori-ng air in the Venturi tubc.`7

A passage S1 extends downwardli' troni the bottoni of the ,mixing chamber to thc tube 80. plunger 82 is arranged in thc chaine n oer 1o. lt torins n loose ht. this is particularly true with the lower end so that when the plunger drops the fuel in the space below the plunger forced up between the plunoer and the walls of the chamber 15. A cylinder extends upwardlf,7 from the chamber 15 and the extension SG projects from the plunger 82, ranged on the upper end oi' the extension 8) vand nnikes a sliding tit with the cvlinder.

The upper end of the 'fylint er r2.3' is oonnetedfhy e passage S8 with the cerlinreter etthe dischere'e side ot the throttle so 'that A piston Si' is ar The absence ol' any supplemental openings the'upper' cud ot the cylinder is subjected to variationsy et p ure which' take place above the throttle. llhe upper cud oi the chamber l5 is connected by u pzss'agc S9 with the mixing: cluuzibcr below he throttle und a eccond passage lill extends Ytroni 'the mixing clinniher lo ih(- chainlicr From this it will lie seen that the pressures below the piston 87 are the pressures of the nii):- ine` chamber and the pressure nhure the piston Si' the prou-nrc :diovc thc throttle.

Theo; dion ot' the pick-up device is us follows :-`l`l'ith a inail opcnin'r ol the throtl' here the throttle is reduced mi the liftingot thc plunger t'irouu'h the ilitl'eren'cc:- in pressure below und above the piston o?. lt. hoiverer. the rthrottle :suddenly opened, the atmosphere nhoi'c the throttle more nearly approximates that in 'the mixing' chamber below und the difference in pressure on the piston under these indu-ions will not be sui'ticient to retain the -plunfer in its; upper position and the pliiiigeiwill, therefore, drop by gravity forcing the ituel upwardly along` the lower end ot the plunger into andithrouuli the passage 80 delivering; momentarily a given supply of Mfuel t'or enrichingtheinixture and insuring an immediat. pickup. .Vhen, however. the throttleis ugain inovcd to a more nearll closed position. the ditl'erence in pressure above and below the throttle is increased, the pressure above the throttle being' reduced and that below the throttle being' ii'icrcascd and this difference in pressure acting on the piston Si' is suliicicnt, to ngain litt. the plunfuer it. ll'hen the plunger is in its upper posit-ion an)y suction that is created at the ond ot' the passage tl() simply crcates circulation by wa;Y of the passage nl. ln the normal operation ot the carburetcr gasolcne is deposited on the walls ot' the chanibcr 1. It is collected at the bottoniv` passes throurh 'the passages 8l and u() und the passages ll and into the air sti-cani passing through the "Venturi tubel no that there is n constant circulation. 'The auxiliar)y chamber supplied troni the gnsolcne'so collected by way of Athe passages S1 and 80. ln this pick-up device there is no outside connection either with the air or the fuel device and conso:pientliY the nornial flow of air` not intertm'ed with in any way but operates according to its normal capacity regardless ot whether the picleup is operatingor not and the fuel being delivered through the nozzle is not in any way interfered with by the action of the pick-up so that there is no disturbance in these factors,

s hifi; L.

than

' ure leailci. than ical can he used.

, .Ev t i c aatl 'the secontlary quality for extreme r. "vv nat l :laini l. 'la combina inisii for oleh've" neri 'l fuel to sa ictei tu l posed aloneYA rete-r al. points as nc restricted passaoe for inenting` the delivery o'. tle open in aufbureter;

the combination of a anixingj chamber; means for delivering a normal supply of air and fuel to said chamber; a throttle valve; and devices sensitive antl exposed zione toV pressures Within the carburetor lat the tivo sides of the throttle for nnuneutarily suiplementing the delivery of fuel when the throttle opens.

ln a carburetor; the combination of a mixing chamber; means for delivering a uoriinil Supply of air and fuel to sai/. chainher; "hrottle valve; anti devices sensitive :intl exnosetl alone to pressi within the carluaetcr :for inomentarilv supi'ilementing the delivery of fuel when, the throttle is' :iaitl incluis for delivering fuel lacing L, said. fle-vices.

ln a iarluireter; the combination. of a .iff chamber; a throttle valve; a fuel chamber; maine for delivering air to the mixing* chamber a connection for deliver ing; fuel. from th fuel chan'iber to the mixi L. chamber; an ai'ixi iary chan'iber receiving fuel from the mixing chamber; and devices for automatica l i f, argging fuel from the auxiliary chamber 11o ie air to inranentarily supplement the fuel from said connection wl en the throttle is opened:

.ln a carbure-ter; the combination of a mixing chamber; a fuel clianber; a throttle at the tlisiharge side of 'the mixing chamher; means 'for deliveringair to the mixing chainher; connecioiis for ilelivering fuel from the fuel chamber to the mixing chamber: au auliiiliarv chan'iber receiving fuel from tle mixing chamber; and devices sensitive t i .variations of pressure at the (lis-- charge siile of the throttle for discharging fuel from the auxiliary caamhcr to the an.

to momentarily supplementv the fuel from said connections.

tt ln a arbureter, the combination of a lining chamber; a fuel chamber; a throttle .y e discharge side of the mixing chamber; means for delivering air to the mixing tiiainber; connetnlons for delivering fuel from the fuel chamber to the mixing chamber; an auxiliary chamber receiving fuel from the in'xing chamber; and devices 'sensitive to (lilleffences of pressure at the discharge and ini;\'e"`sitles of the throttle for luchar-ing fuel through the auxiliary inher to the air to momentarily supplel nient 'the fuel from saicl connections.

ff.. ln a carburetor, the conlbination of a ie discharge side of the mixing chamber; ins for delivering' air to the mixingr cha-m- 'he fuel chamber to the mixing chambe an xiliary chamber receiving fuel' from the in Xing chamber; and devices operative upon the ojicning of the throttle for discharging fuelv from the auxiliary chamber to the air to suliplciuent the fuel from said connections S. In a carburetor, the combination of a mixingchamber; a throttle valve; a fuel chamber ;`-a connection between the fuel chamber and the mixing chamber; means for deliveringair to the mixing chamber; an auxiliary chamber; a fuel connection forthe auxiliary chamber; connections leading to said auxiliary chamber from the discharge sitle of the throttle and from the mixin chamber; and devices actuated by said fli fcrences of, pressure for discharging; fuel from earl auxiliary chamber to momentarily enrich the' normal supply.

In a carburetor, theicombination of a mixing chamber; a throttle valve; a fuel chamber; a connection between the fuel chamber anni the mixing chamber; means for delivering air to the mixing chamber; an auxiliary chamber; a fuel connection for the auxiliary chamber leading from the mixingl chamber; connections leading to said auxiliary chamber from the dischargeside of the throttle and from the mixing;r chainbe g anal devices actuated hy said differences of pressure for Cliscliargingr the fuel from said auxiliary chamber to nioi'nentaily enrich the normal supply.

l0. ln a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber; a fuel chamber; a connectioi hetiveen the fuel Chambe and the mixingchamber; au air passage leading` to the mixing chamber; a throttle valve; an auxiliary fuel chamber; a plunger in the auxiliary chamber adapted to deliver fuel therefrom to n'ioineutarily enrich the normal mixture; air connections leading to the auxiliary chamber from the discharge side of the connections for delivering fuelfrom'- minne; chamber; a fuel chan'iber; a throttle on the opening of the 'thre'tfsie fe throttle and vthe mixer'side 01' 'the hioiiie; and a motor subjected to the iferfenees Uf pressure through said conneciens foi :wmating said plunger.

11. In a c'a1bureter,'tbe cembineien of n mixing chamber; :L t-hl'ottie mi i chamber; means foi' deliveing; :E mixing chamber; a eenneetien fuel fromthefnel chamber chamber; 'an auxiliary 'cimlbem i'eeeiving' lfue] from the mixing chamber; e, piungei: n

vizlle'auxilmy chamber; and levies-s opere we actu the plunger.

12. In a cerbureei, ehe combination e.

. l mixing chamber; a throttle Valve; a uei chamber; means ior delivering air to the mixing chamber; e conneeion foi' delivering :fuel from the fuel chamber to the mixing ehenibei; an auxiliary chamber receiving fuel iem :une mixing eba'imbei; e, plunger in the n uxiliaiy chambeif; and devices actuated by diiei'enees ef pressure at 1the discharge and mixer sides of the `tbrotle fer actuating' my hand.

FRANK H. ALL. 

